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LUNG DISEASES

Common Lung Diseases | Diagnostics and therapy | PDF lung diseases

In the case of lung diseases, the respiratory tract (trachea, bronchi, bronchioles) and/or the lung tissue and the pulmonary blood vessels can be affected. A rough distinction is made between acute and chronic lung diseases. Infections are the most common among acute illnesses (flu, influenza, bronchitis, pneumonia). Among the chronic diseases, bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) predominate.

Common lung diseases

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract. The consequences are recurring attacks ranging from shortness of breath to acute shortness of breath and coughing. Asthma sufferers have hypersensitive, often chronically inflamed airways. The bronchi react to various stimuli with swelling of the mucous membrane and spasm of the airway muscles. This causes the bronchi to narrow, making it difficult for the air to be inhaled and especially difficult to exhale.

A basic distinction is made between allergic (extrinsic) and non-allergic (intrinsic or endogenous) asthma. But there are also mixed forms. The causes of bronchial asthma are only partially known and are the subject of further intensive research. Genetic factors and multiple environmental factors play a role in the development of the disease. Important risk factors include cigarette smoke, hay fever and other allergic diseases as well as certain medications.

The COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a collective term for a group of chronic lung diseases with the main symptoms coughing, increased sputum, shortness of breath during exertion and sometimes acute shortness of breath. Particularly noteworthy among these diseases are chronic obstructive bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema (overinflation of the lungs).

The cause is the irreversibly inflammatory changes and permanently narrowed or collapsed airways, with exhalation in particular being hindered. In contrast to asthma, this narrowing can only be partially, but not completely, improved with medication. Risk factors for COPD include genetic factors, but especially smoking. Around 90 percent of all those affected are smokers or ex-smokers. About 20 percent of long-term cigarette smokers develop COPD. Colloquial terms are therefore “smoker’s lung” for COPD and “smoker’s cough” for the main symptom.

Our offer diagnostics and therapy of lung diseases

  • Medical history regarding family and lifestyle
  • Physical examination with inspection, palpation (feeling) and auscultation (listening)
  • Pulmonary function test +/- lysis (use of diagnostic medications)
    Bicycle stress test (ergometry)
  • Laboratory tests
  • Advice on quitting smoking
  • Training on the disease
  • medical therapy
  • vaccinations
  • DMP/Curaplan bronchial asthma and COPD

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